Improvement in compositions for coating ships, boats



'ITUTED FOR ivnssmecoPY. Search Room Parnn'r Orr-"Ion.

E DYVARD VINCENT GARDNER, OF OXFORD STREET, AND PATRICK MOIR CRANE, OF MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

, IMPROVEMENT m'comr'osmous FOR- COATING SHIPS, BOATS, a.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 98,

862, dated January 18, 1870; patented in England,

March 13, 1869.

To/all whom it may concern: v

: "Be it known that we, EDWARD VINCENT GARDNER, of Oxford Street, in the county of Middlesex, England, and. PATRICK MOIR. CRANE, of Manchester, in-the' county of Lancaster, England, have invented anew or Im-- proved Composition for Coating Ships, Boa-ts, andfother Surfaces, and for protecting and preventingthe fouling thereof; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof. The nature of our invention consists in the employment of paraffineas the'basis of a composition or compound to be used for; coating ships, boats, and other surfaces to protect. them and to prevent the fouling thereof.

The parafiine may be mixed with other ingredients, such as metallic filings or particles or metallic oxides. It may also be mixed with poisonous ingredients known to act injurious] y to life, such as arsenic, sulphate of copper, compounds of mercury, and the like, accordin g to the purposes to which the composition ,is to be applied. In some cases we use parafiine, in combination with creosote, dissolved in heavy oils. '0 also prepare a compound by vuleanizing parafline .with sulphur. In some cases, also, we combine tallow and rosin with the parafiine.

The invention, however, essentially consists in the employment of paraiiine as the basis of a composition or compound to be employed for the purposes before described; and, in order that our invention may-be fully understood, we will describe more fully how it' may be 'carried into efi'eet. The following proportions or parts we only give as approximate proportions, not confining ourselves thereto. For coating ships, vessels, boats, and some other purposes, we first take a composition composed of one or other of the following ingredients:

First coat: Either with white lead, white Second coat: "Two parts white leadoil;sonem nirtgosin.

To either or all of'these coat-s poisons or poisonous materials may he added in any desired or convenient proportions. For this we prefer from one to two per cent. of white n;- seni cyanide of potassium, biehloride of mer cur strychnine, p ux-von igy,

ous substances maybe employed; or the third coat may be one-half part oil, pressed from. parafiine, and one-half part hard paratlinewax. This coat will do best for the portion of the ships bottom not out of the water when she is light in cargo, with the necessary poison. These materials are melted in any convenient vessel, and put on hot, with brushes, in the usual way of coating vessels;

Coating for iron or metallic roofs, plates, sheets, girders, pipes, wires, and other purposes to which it may be applied, or structures composed of stone, metal, wood, bricks, tiles, or such like materials: Two parts haul paraffine-wax; one partro siu; one part white lead, or, three parts hard paraftine-wax; one part rosin; one part white lead.

\Ve sometimes add to the above one-fifth to one-half partof kaolinc, aluminous earths,

material. A compound produced: by combining sulphur with parafline, and called by us vulcanized parafiine, is'also wellfittedgfor this purpose. These compositions may be put on when hot, with brushes; or, when convenient, the articles may be dipped in the composition.

What we claim as ourinvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isw The employment of paraffine as,the basis of a composition or compound or of compositions or compoi'mds, substantially in. manner and for the purposes described.

1. M. CRANE. I Witnesses to the signature of E. V. Gardner;

M. WYNN,

.24. Royal Exchange, London. Enwi). GRIFFITH Bnnwnn,

89 Chancery Lane, London, l'l C. Witnesses to the signature of P. M Crane:

' JNO. B'. PAYNE,

Solicitor, Manchester. G.-D0UB0E,

U. S. Consulate, ilfanaheszm'.

e 't'rae ""ot tobaeco or a mixture of these with other poisonsilieious matters, and carbon or carbonaceous EDlVD. V. GARDNER, F. R. S., M. S. A. 

